The Electric Guitar

Acoustic guitars and their various musical relatives canbe bent down or up (before, they could only be bent
be traced back thousands of years, but the idea of aupwards by pulling the string away from its natural line,
guitar using electric currents to amplify its sound had tothus tightening it). The tremolo arm was part of the
wait until the 1930s to start to take root. Necessityearly sound of rock 'n' roll, and could make a vibrato
was, perhaps, the mother of invention here, as thesound or create the long, sustained, wailing sounds
volume of the guitar, used previously in blues and jazz,associated with Jimi Hendrix. Other sound effects,
could not compete with the new sounds of the bigsuch as chorus, overdrive, vibrate, wah-wah, reverb
band and the shriek of brass instruments. Earlyand delay (echo) could also be controlled via foot
experiments with simply adding microphones to guitarspedals by the player, further adding to the variety of
had only limited success, partly due to the quality of thesounds available. The pickup was also applied to bass
tone and partly because of the feedback that couldguitars, and is now seen on violins, mandolins, cellos and
occur as soon as a reasonable volume was reached.many other types of string instrument. Musical styles
The breakthrough came when Les Paul, a jazzusing electric guitars The genres of music that use
guitarist, successfully experimented with a magneticelectric guitars are too numerous for this article, but
pickup system that could convert the vibrations of thetheir origins can be traced back to the jazz and big
strings to an electrical signal to be amplified and sent toband sound that became popular between the wars.
a speaker. Soon, guitarists started adding pickups toBlues guitarists pioneered the "dirty" sound that would
their hollow-bodied guitars, but in fact there was nolater morph into heavy metal, and no rock and roll
need for an electric guitar to have a hollow body, asgroup would be complete without at least one electric
the pickups could detect very subtle vibrations andguitar. Bob Dylan was once called "Judas" by a heckler
amplify them anyway. Before long, Fender,when he swapped his acoustic for an electric on
Rickenbacker and, of course, Gibson were producingstage, a significant moment in electric folk. The sixties
solid-bodied electric guitars. Innovations unique to thesaw mainstream pop and psychedelic bands putting
electric guitar Electric guitars allowed many innovationsthe instrument to good use, and disco, punk, ska and
that would go on to define their sound. Most noticeablyreggae music of the seventies used the instrument's
was the fact that volume and tone controls could beinherent rhythm; a lively and thriving African sound is
added to the electronics between the pickup and theonce of the guitar's most innovative current streams.
cable, which meant that the accomplished guitaristWhenever a new technology has come along,
could adjust the tone and loudness whilst on stage.especially the electronic revolution of the late 1970s
Second and third pickups were added at variousand 1980s, people have written off the electric guitar,
points along the body to take advantage of thebut it shows no sign of losing popularity.
difference in tone at various points along the strings,Charlie Buquette wrote this article about Yamaha
and these could be blended together with multipleElectric Guitars.
controls. The tremolo arm appeared, allowing notes to