| In New Frontiers of the Mind (1937) | | | | two subconsciousnesses, the second one |
| Rhine said that ESP experiments were | | | | sometimes called the superconsciousness, |
| changing the way people thought the mind | | | | soul, subliminal self, transcendent ego, |
| sensed information. Historically learned | | | | dream self and several other terms. The |
| people held the human mind received | | | | argument rest on the hypothesis that two |
| information through the ordinary five | | | | realities exist, the physical one and a |
| senses, and that therefore, the mind is | | | | second one. ESP can occur when there is |
| subject to the laws of the mechanical | | | | a integration between both realities. |
| world. Laboratory tests have attempted | | | | This occurs infrequently only when the |
| to determine the existence of ESP, and | | | | barriers between the realities are |
| discover the physical mechanism by which | | | | broken which does not happen often |
| it operates. "The mind has been equated | | | | because if it did all unconscious |
| with the brain, and scientists search to | | | | thought would flood and overflow the |
| discover how ESP registers in the brain | | | | conscious mind. A condition which the |
| mind." | | | | mind could not withstand. |
| However, increasing evidence is | | | | When considering types or forms that ESP |
| demonstrating that ESP does exist, but | | | | might take dreams become an important |
| it cannot be explained or quantified by | | | | factor, especially in relationship to |
| physical laws; and furthermore, that the | | | | the theory of two realities. Upon this |
| mind (consciousness) and the brain are | | | | basis dreams were separated into two |
| two separate entities. Simultaneously, | | | | categories: realistic, vivid having |
| research in quantum physics points to | | | | detailed imagery of the information |
| the existence of a second, nonmaterial | | | | conveyed, and intuition which includes |
| universe. So, the time is fast | | | | "gut feelings." forebodings, and |
| approaching when Western scientists must | | | | premonitions; and unrealistic dreams |
| come to terms with the Eastern mystical | | | | containing fantastical imagery and |
| concept: "that an extrasensory force | | | | symbols. Hallucinations that relayed |
| exists in another realty, and intersects | | | | visual and auditory information also |
| and integrates with the physical world." | | | | were included. Rhine suggested the |
| In function, ESP is dissimilar to the | | | | reason for dreams being efficient |
| ordinary senses. There is no location | | | | carriers of ESP messages is because the |
| like governs the other senses which | | | | barriers surrounding the conscious mind |
| receive information through various | | | | appear to be thinnest. |
| parts of the body; and it is not | | | | It has been discovered that the natural |
| dependent on any of the other five | | | | tendency for ESP in individuals can be |
| senses. ESP is independent of such | | | | distorted by previous prejudices, |
| factors as geography, time, | | | | thoughts, and conditioning. Likewise, |
| intelligence, age, or education. | | | | inaccurate ESP messages may be the |
| ESP has been given various names. In the | | | | result of distortions and blockages of |
| 19th century is was called | | | | the conscious mind. However, in times of |
| "cryptesthesia," later it was labeled | | | | crisis such as accidents and death of |
| "relesthesia" which since became | | | | loved ones, ESP messages seem to occur |
| clairvoyance, or "seeing in the | | | | spontaneously. It is theorized that |
| distance." It was Rhine who coined the | | | | perhaps trauma and shock enable negative |
| term "general extrasensory perception" | | | | information to penetrate the subliminal |
| (GESP) to include both telepathy and | | | | barriers more easily than happy |
| clairvoyance. Later the term psi was | | | | information. |
| designated to cover ESP and PK. | | | | There are theories concerning |
| It was researcher Lousia E. Rhine who | | | | individuals who possess ESP and how they |
| proposed the theory that ESP starts in | | | | acquired this ability. One theory holds |
| the unconscious, a storehouse of | | | | that some people such as seers, prophets |
| memories, hopes and fears. At this point | | | | and diviners were bore with the gift |
| a contact is made between the objective | | | | which was inherited by their relatives. |
| world and the center of the mind. The | | | | Another theory hold that it is` a |
| person remains unaware of this contact | | | | primordial sense which has decreased in |
| until or unless the information is | | | | populations as their cultures advanced. |
| brought to the conscious level. Also, | | | | Still another theory claims ESP is a |
| the psychiatrist Carl G. Jung proposed a | | | | supersense which evolves in the nervous |
| similar theory that the conscious mind | | | | system. |
| has subliminal psychic access to the | | | | Psychical research does support the |
| collective unconscious, a vast | | | | theory that everyone is born with ESP |
| repository of accumulative wisdom and | | | | capability, though some may possess more |
| experience of the human race. | | | | than others. Most people have |
| Others theories attempting to explain | | | | experienced at least one ESP experience |
| ESP have been produced. One such theory | | | | in their lives. It was found in a survey |
| involved macrophages, cells present in | | | | published in 1987 by the University of |
| connective tissue, lymph nodes, and bone | | | | Chicago's National Opinion Research |
| marrow and tied to nerve endings. The | | | | Council, that 67 percent of all adult |
| person thought these might be the body's | | | | Americans believed they have experienced |
| ESP organs, sending and receiving | | | | ESP. Eleven years earlier the figure was |
| impressions below the normal perceptive | | | | 58 percent. It was thought the increase |
| level. Such cells are more sensitive and | | | | indicates an increased acceptance of the |
| active during childhood, but deteriorate | | | | possibility of ESP among the general |
| without proper diet. | | | | public. |
| Some theories involve the discussion of | | | | |